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+ | ====== 7 Hills of Rome ====== | ||
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+ | ===== Esquiline Hill ===== | ||
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+ | The Esquiline was the largest of the 7 hills of Rome. Its claim to fame comes from the Roman emperor Nero who built his domus aurea ' | ||
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+ | The Colossus, Temple of Claudius, and Baths of Trajan were all located on the Esquiline. | ||
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+ | Mary Beard, classicist and columnist for the UK Times, lists the following 10 hills of Rome: the Palatine, Aventine, Capitoline, Janiculan, Quirinal, Viminal, Esquiline, Caelian, Pincian, and Vatican. She says it is not obvious which should be counted as the 7 hills of Rome. My list is a standard one, but she does, or course, have a point. | ||
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+ | ===== Palatine ===== | ||
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+ | The area of the Palatine is about 25 acres. It is the central hill of the seven hills of Rome. It was the first hill area to become a settlement. Much of the Palatine has not been excavated, except for the area nearest the Tiber. The residence of Augustus (and Tiberius, and Domitian), the Temple of Apollo and temples of Victory and the Great Mother are there. The exact location on the Palatine of Romulus' | ||
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+ | Update: BBC News' ' | ||
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+ | ===== Aventine ===== | ||
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+ | Legend tells us that Remus had selected the Aventine to live on. It was there that he watched the bird omens, while his brother Romulus stood on the Palatine, each claiming the better results. | ||
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+ | The Aventine Hill became the home of the plebeians. It was separated from the Palatine by the Circus Maximus. On the Aventine were temples to Diana, Ceres, and Libera. The Armilustrium was there, too. It was used to purify arms used in battle at the end of the military season [Mommsen]. Another significant place on the Aventine was Asinius Pollio' | ||
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+ | ===== Capitoline ===== | ||
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+ | The Capitoline is the smallest in area, 460 meters long and 180 meters wide, situated between the forum and the Campus Martius. Its name comes from the legendary human skull (caput) found buried in it (Livy I.55). It was the home to the temple of Iovis Optimi Maximi (Jupiter best and greatest), built by the Tarquin kings of Rome. | ||
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+ | ===== Quirinal ===== | ||
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+ | The Quirinal is the most northerly of the seven hills of Rome. The Viminal, Esquiline, and Quirinal are referred to as colles, more diminutive than montes, the term for the other hills. In early days, the Quirinal belonged to the Sabines. The second king of Rome, Numa, lived upon it. Cicero' | ||
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+ | When the Gauls attacked Rome, the Capitoline did not fall because of the geese who gave warning. The temple of Juno Moneta, possibly named moneta for the warning of the geese, is also on the Capitoline. This is where coins were minted, providing the etymology for the word " | ||
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+ | The assassins of Caesar locked themselves in the Temple of Capitoline Jupiter after the murder. | ||
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+ | Criminals were dropped from the hill onto the Tarpeian crags below. | ||
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+ | ===== Viminal ===== | ||
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+ | A small, unimportant hill, with few monuments. Caracalla' | ||
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+ | ===== Caelian ===== | ||
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+ | The Baths of Caracalla (Thermae Antoniniani) were built south of the Caelian Hill, which was the most south-easterly of the seven hills of Rome. The Caelian is described as a tongue "2 kilometres long and 400 to 500 metres wide" in A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome. The Servian Wall included the western half of the Caelian in the city of Rome. During the Republic, the Caelian was densely populated. After a fire in A.D. 27, the Caelian became home to Rome's wealthy. | ||