Palermo Stone (Pietra Di Palermo)

Scripturam Ægyptium - The Rosetta Stone
Westcar Papyrus

The Palermo Stone is a large fragment of a stele known as the Royal Annals of the Old Kingdom of Ancient Egypt. It contains records of the kings of Egypt from the first dynasty through the fifth dynasty.

The fragment is in the Salinas Regional Archaeological Museum in Palermo, Sicily, from which it derives its name. The term “Palermo Stone” is sometimes applied incorrectly to the entire Royal Annals, which also includes other fragments located in museums in Cairo and London.

The stele, made of black basalt, was engraved toward the end of the fifth dynasty, in the 25th century BC. It lists the kings of ancient Egypt after the unification of Lower Egypt (the region of the Nile River Delta in the north of Egypt) and Upper Egypt (extending from the middle of modern Egypt to the southern border with Nubia).

(ANCIENT RECORDS OF EGYPT HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES TO THE PERSIAN CONQUEST, COLLECTED EDITED AND TRANSLATED WITH COMMENTARY JAMES HENRY BREASTED, PH.D. PROFESSOR OF EGYPTOLOGY AND ORIENTAL HISTORY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO) Palermo Stone Section Of Volume 1 in pdf included.

76. The content of this document, remarkable as it is, is perhaps not more valuable than the revelation it furnishes of the existence of royal annals of an official character, regularly kept by the kings of Egypt in the Old Kingdom and extending back into the time of the two kingdoms of the North and South. They reveal a great and powerful kingdom from the beginning of the dynasties, enjoying ordered government under a highly developed and aggressive state, and exhibiting a high degree of culture and civilization such as we could not have anticipated in this remote age.

77. While a translation of the document, owing to its unique and archaic character, is accompanied by many uncertainties, yet the whole is of an importance which justifies a sufficient presentation of the content to make clear the character, scope, and arrangement of these oldest annals of E g y p t.^b The voluminous commentary necessary for the explanation of many obscure references and allusions is unavoidably omitted here; but the obscurity of these particular points does not affect the significance of the whole document, which will be clear to everyone.

^b The following translation is largely an editing of the rendering of Schaefer and Sethe; but, although space and time for commentary fail me, I have made some changes and additions, like the expedition of Snefru to Syria.

78. The fragment here with presented was broken out of the middle of a large slab some seven feet long and over two feet high, as it stood on the long edge. It was inscribed on both sides with a series of royal annals, beginning with the predynastic kings of the period before the union of the North and the South, and continuing into the dynastic age to the middle of the Fifth Dynasty. The arrangement of these records can be best understood from the figure (-). The upper line of the front contains at present nine names of predynastic kings of Lower Egypt (the Delta).^a. If the line was full, there were possibly some 120 predynastic kings here enumerated, each rectangle of line I (front) containing one name, with no indication of how long each king reigned.^b In the Fifth Dynasty, therefore, the predynastic kings, the last of whom had reigned some seven centuries before the preparation of this table, were already merely a series of names. Other reasons for the mere citation of the bare names are, however, quite conceivable, such as lack of interest in the predynastic kings on the part of the scribe.

^aMeyer has identified the place of these kings of Lower Egypt in the Turin Papyrus, where no corresponding kings of Upper Egypt were included, and in Manetho (Aegyptische Chronologie, 1-99ff., 203 f.). They follow the gods and precede the “Worshipers of Horus, the immediate predecessors of the dynasties. ^bMeyer believes that this row must have begun with the gods (ibid., 203).

79. But, while the length of the predynastic reigns remains totally uncertain, the date of the beginning of the dynastic period is certainly established by this monument within narrower limits than ever before; and the period from the accession of Menes to the beginning of the Fourth Dynasty is determined within reasonable margins for the first time. The dynastic kings are probably arranged as follows: ^athe First Dynasty occupied ||. 2 and 3, following directly upon the predynastic kings; ||. 4 and 5 contained the Second Dynasty; there is some uncertainty about the disposition of reigns in |. 6, but as the first line of the back contained the end of the Fourth Dynasty, the last two lines^b (7 and 8) of the front must have contained the bulk of the Fourth, which in all probability throws the Third Dynasty back to |. 6,^c including possibly the end of |. 5. The larger part of the back was occupied with the three reigns of the Fifth Dynasty, which filled up ||. 2-5, and perhaps continued (in two lines) into the reign of Nuserre.

80. The arrangement of each reign (except |. I, front) was so that in the narrow horizontal space above each line the name of the king was placed, while below it the years of his reign were distributed in successive rectangles, one year in each rectangle. As the space occupied by the years of each reign far exceeded the length of the king's name, the latter was placed over the middle, thus:

81. The vertical line on the right of each rectangle has the form of the hieroglyphic sign for “year.” Each year-rectangle contains the chief events which occurred in that year, one of which furnished the official name for that year. Thus we have the “Year of the Battle and Smiting of the Northerners,” dating a jar of King Besh (Bš) in Philadelphia; or the “Year of Smiting the Troglodytes” in our fragment (front, |. 6, §104). This was parallel with the same usage in early Babylonia, as has been long known. As time passed, it became more and more common to name the year after the corresponding fiscal enumeration, thus: “Year of the Second Occurrence of the Numbering of all Large and Small Cattle of the North and the South” (§ 339), or “Year of the Seventh Occurrence of the Numbering of Gold and Lands” (front, |. 5, §135). This was often abbreviated to “Year of the x'th Occurrence of the Numbering,” or still more to “Year of the x'th Occurrence.”

82. All other events were then gradually abandoned as designations of the years, and by the Fifth Dynasty the fiscal numberings were almost exclusively used. These occurred every two years, in uninterrupted sequence, irrespective of the changes in reign, and hence it was necessary to call a year when no numbering took place, the “Year after the x'th Occurrence (of the Numbering).” Finally, when the numberings became annual, each year received the name of a new numbering, and this was the system of dating in Egypt from the Sixth Dynasty on. It amounted to numbering the years themselves, and gradually became nothing else. The Palermo stone thus furnishes us the origin of the Egyptian system of dating.

83. In addition to the chief events of the year, each year-rectangle contained, at the bottom in the middle, a datum giving a number of cubits, palms, and fingers, which have been thought to be the height of the inundation^a for each year; but this is very uncertain.

^aMeasured from some fixed point only a few cubits below high water; but the fine subdivisions in the measurements (down to fractions of a finger-breadth) are against the theory.

84. In ||. 2-5 (front), containing the First and Second Dynasties, the events of each year are for the most part celebrations of religious feasts and the like, and in the latter part the “numberings” appear. With the Third Dynasty (|. 6) the events known to the chronicler become more numerous, increasing and making irregular in size the year-rectangles. They become still larger in the Fourth and Fifth. Small as are the rectangles of the First and Second Dynasties, they are in each line of the same size, and this offers the basis for a rough estimate of the number of years in these dynasties, if we can gain even a distant approximation of the total length of the stone.

85. An examination of the back shows that from one-tenth to one-eighth of the total length of the lines is preserved on the fragment. This insures roughly five hundred years for the length of the first three dynasties, of which only about eighty would belong to the Third D y n a s t y .^a

86. In this computation the stone offers little for determining the length of the Third Dynasty. This is, however, shown by the Turin Papyrus to have been only fifty-five years before Snefru; or, with Snefru, seventy-nine years, x months; or, in round numbers, eighty years. That Snefru belonged to the Third Dynasty is favored by the arrangement of the stone, although the Manethonian tradition perhaps placed him at the head of the Fourth Dynasty.

^aThe first attempt at restoring the length of the stone was made by Sethe, who obtained the following results:

• First Dynasty (||. 2-3)…………………..253 years
• Second Dynasty (||. 4-5)……………….302 years
• Third Dynasty (|. 6)………..maximum, 100-110 years

These pioneer results have been modified by Meyer (Aegyptische Chronologie) to the following:

• First Dynasty (||. 2-3)…………………..210 years
• Second Dynasty (||.4-5)………………..243 years

The possible difference is thus about a century. Meyer's results are certainly a minimum, and Sethe's a maximum, but the principle employed by Meyer would now doubtless be accepted by Sethe.

It should be remembered that this difficulty with the Third Dynasty is not peculiar to any theory of restoration of the stone. We cannot, on any scheme of restoration, push the Third Dynasty back into |. 5 (front), for the birth of Khase-khemui, a king of the latter part of the Second Dynasty, is recorded in |. 5 (No. 4). Nor can we assume that Snefru is here reckoned with the Fourth Dynasty, which would leave only the first half of |. 6 for the whole Third Dynasty.

Finally, as Snefru is reckoned with the Third Dynasty, and we know that he was its last king (for he was the predecessor of Khufu), all his predecessors in the dynasty, as well as at least six years of his own reign, must have been included in the first half of |. 6. If all the rectangles of the first half of |. 6 were as small as those of |. 2 , this would leave perhaps fifty years for his predecessors in the dynasty. The supposition that more lines are lost at the bottom would not at all affect the Third Dynasty. Again, any great prolongation of the lines is forbidden by the back.

87. The stone offers little aid as to the length of the Fourth Dynasty, as most of that dynasty is lost at the bottom of the front, but it furnishes valuable hints as to the close of the Fourth and the first half of the Fifth Dynasty.

The short reigns at the close of the Fourth are fragmentarily indicated in |. I, and the lengths of the short reigns of the first three kings of the Fifth Dynasty roughly corroborate those indicated in the Turin Papyrus.

88. It will be seen that the monument is invaluable as a source for the chronology of the earliest dynasties. Accepting 2900 B.C. as the date for the accession of the Fourth Dynasty, the Palermo Stone furnishes us an assured minimum of 3400 B.C. as the beginning of the dynastic period and the accession of Menes. This date is only affected by the uncertainty attending all our dates back of the Heracleopolitan rule. Future discovery may reduce the date of Menes by at most a century.

89. The content of these annals is also of great importance, but, as they are themselves only a summary, we cannot epitomize them here. Such facts as the dispatch of a fleet of forty vessels to bring cedar from Lebanon under Snefru are, of course, invaluable.

Webmasters thoughts: Horus may have been a real man from a bridging civ from the period in between Gobekli Tepe and Egypt's rise who surveyed the area noting its capacity for wheat cultivation in relation to the Nile (and Tigris/Euphrates), the early Egyptians of low consciousness mistaken and taking Horus as a god, one may question the literal nature of God's giving births to children in Palermo stone as well as Greek Biblical inclusions of gods taking the daughters of men. The English were met with the same treatment when they encountered the African natives and could have maintained the concept indefinitely living as gods among the native Africans, also their are records of Snefru being regarded as a god to people's in the surrounding areas who were of lower consciousness. In contrast successive major cultures have borrowed the concept on the basis of Egypt and the Sumerian examples as a remedy for the unknown believing it a custom of greatness but also proclaiming to being hybrids. Humerously many people today would ask the Egyptians how do you know Horus had a child since we all know God exists but cannot be seen.

I. PREDYNASTIC KINGS
Kings o Upper Egypt (?) or the Gods (?)
90. ^¹————————————

Kings of Lower Egypt
— -pu (— -pw); Seka (Śkª); Khayu (Hª-yw); Teyew (Yyw);
Thesh (Ţš); Ne^[heb^]); Wazenez (Wªd-^cnd); Mekh (Mh); —a (—ª); ————————————a

II. FIRST DYNASTY
KING T^b (NAME LOST)
x years

91. ²————————————
Year x + 1
Worship of Horus.^c
Birth Of Anubis.^c
Year x + 2
92. 6 months and 7 days.^d
KING U^e (NAME LOST)
Year I
93. Fouth month, thirteenth day.^f

Union of the Two Lands.
Circuit of the Wall.”
6 cubits.b
Year
2
94. Worship of Horus.
Feast of Desher (DSr).
Year 3
95. Birth of the two children of the King of Lower Egypt.
4 cubits,
I
palm.
Year 4
96. Worship of Horus.
r-
- -1
Year 5
97. 'Design1 of the House (called) : “Mighty-of-the-Gods”
(Sbm-
TL~YW).
Feast of Sokar.
5 cubits, 5 palms,
I
finger.
Year 6
98. Worship of Horus.
Birth of the goddess Yamet (Y'nz't).
5 cubits, I palm.
Year 7
99. Appearancec of the King of Upper Egypt.
Birth of Min.
5 cubits
Year 8
100. Worship of Horus.
Birth of Anubis.
6 cubits, I palm.
Year p
101. First occurrence of the Feast of Zet (Pt)
4 cubits, I span.

102.
59
10
a
LOST KINGS
KING V
103.
b
King's Name
[[born of MeTret-PNeitl].
Year x+r
Station (in)c the temple of Saw (S'w) in Heka-
3 cubits, I palm, 2 fingers.
(gk2-).
Year x+z
104. Smiting of the Troglodytes (Yntyw).
4 cubits, I span.
Year x+3
105. Appearance of the King of Upper Egypt.
Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
Sed jubilee.
8 cubits, 3 fingers.
Year x + 4
106. (rNumbering o ~ Jall ~
) people of the nomes of the west, north,
and east.
3 cubits, I span.
Year x+5
107. Second occurrence of the Feast of Zet (Qt).
5 cubits, 2 palms.
108. rDesign1 of the House (called) : ('
Thrones-of-the-Gods.“
Feast of Sokar.
5 cubits, I palm,
2
fingers.
Year x+7
109. Stretching of the Cord (for) the House (call&) : “Thrones-of-
the-Gods,” (by) the priest of (the goddess) Seshat (Si2t, Sefkhet).
Great Door.
4 cubits, 2 palms. ,
Year x+8
IIO. Opening of the Lake of the House (called): “Thrones-of-the-
Gods.”
Shooting of the Hippopotamus.
2 cubits.
Year x + g
I I I. Station (at) the lake of the temple of Harsaphes (Hry-3.f) in
Heracleopolis.
5 cubits.
Year X+IO
112. Voyage (to) Sahseteni (rS2hl-Stny).
Smiting of Werka (Wr-k l.
)
4 cubits, I span.
Year
X+II
I 13. Birth of Sed (Sd).
6 cubits,
I
palm,
2
fingers.
Year x f ~ z
114. Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
First occurrence of “Running-of-Apis.” a
2 cubits, I span.
Year x+13
Birth of Seshat (Sf2.t) and Mefdet ( M ' f d ' t ) .
3 cubits, 5 palms, 2 fingers.
116. [Appearance]
6I
Year x+rqa
of the King of Upper Egypt.
Birth of -.
1×1.
SECOND DYNASTY
KING NETERIUU
Lost Reigns
117. 4
-
King's N a m e
Horus: Neterimu (Niry-mwb) son of -
Year
I
118.
Year z
[First occurrence of the numbering.]
Year 3
Year 4
[Second occurrence of the numbering.]
[First occurrence of the Feast of Sokar.Ic
Year 5
Year 6d
Worship of Horus.
[Third occurrence of the numbering.]
119. Appearance
Year 7
of the King of Upper Egypt.

Stretching of the Cord (for) the House (called) Hor-Ren (Hr-rn).
3 cubits, 4 palms, 2 fingers.
Year 8
Worship of Horus.
Fourth occurrence of the numbering.
4 cubits, 2 hgers.
Year 9
12I Appearance of the King of Upper Egypt.
.
Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
Running of Apis.
4 cubits, I palm, 2 fingers.
120.
Year 10
Worship of Horus.
Fifth occurrence of the numbering.
4 cubits, 4 palms.
Year 11
123. Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
Second occurrence of the Feast of Sokar.
3 cubits, 4 palms, 2 fingers.
122.
Year 12
Worship of Horus.
Sixth occurrence of the numbering.
4 cubits, 3 fingers.
Year 13
125. First occurrence of the Feast: “Worship-of-Horus-of-Heaven”
(Dw' -Hr-pt).
Hacking up of the city: Shem-Re .(SVZ-R=).
Hacking up of the city: “House-of-the-North.”
4 cubits, 3 fingers.
Year 14
126. Worship of Horus.
Seventh occurrence of the numbering.
I cubit.
Year 15
127. Appearance of the Icing of Lower Egypt.
124.
Second occurrence of “Running-of-Apis.”
3 cubits, 4 palms, 3 fingers.
Year 16
128. Worship of Horus.
Eighth occurrence of the numbering.
3 cubits, 5 palms, 2 fingers.
Year 17
129. Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
Third occurrence of the Feast of Sokar.
2 cubits, 2 fingers.
Year 18
130. Worship of Horus.
Ninth occurrence of the numbering.
2 cubits, 2 fmgers.
Year 19
131. Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
1-1 the Feast of Zet (Qt).
r- -1.a
3 cubits.
Year 20
132. Worship of Horus.
Tenth occurrence of [the numbering].
Year
21b
LOST KINGS
5
Year 1 2
133. Worship of Horus.
Sixth occurrence of the numbering.
2 cubits, 4 palms, 13 fingers.
134. Appearance of the King of Upper Egypt.
Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
(The temple called) : “The-Goddess-Abides ” was built (of) stone.
2 cubits, 3 palms, I finger.
Year 14
135. Worship of Horus.
Seventh occurrence of the numbering of gold and lands.
33 cubits.
Year 15
136. Birth of Khasekhemui (HC-Sbmwy).
I
cubit, 6 palms,
2$
fingers.
Year 16
137. Worship of Horus.
Eighth occurrence of the numbering of gold and lands.
2 palms, 23 fingers.
4 cubits,
Year 17
138.Fourth occurrence of bringing the wall of Dewazefa (Dw'-dl2).
Shipbuilding.
2 palms.
4 cubits,
Year 18
139. 2 months,
23
days.a
KING
x (NAME
LOST
Year I
140. Appearance of the King of Upper Egypt.
Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
Union of the Two Lands.
Circuit of the Wall.
4 cubits, 2 palms, 2 3 fingers.
Year
2
141. Appearance of the King of Upper Egypt.

Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
rIntroductionl of the King into the double Senuta-house.
4 cubits, 18 palms.
Year 3
142. Worship of Horus.
Birth of Min.
2 cubits, 3 palms, 2% fingers.
Year 4
143. Appearance of the King of Upper Egypt.
Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
Stretching of the Cord (for) the House (called) : “Shelter-of-the-
Gods” (Kb h-ntrw).
3 cubits, 3 palms, 2 fingers.
Yearb 5
144. Worship of Horus.
3 cubits,
- -,
- -.
IV.
THIRD DYNASTY
LOST REIGNS
-6
KING SNEFRU
145.
Year x+zc
[Birth of] the two children of the King of Lower Egypt.
[Sixth occurrence of the numbering.:
-
-
Year x + 2
146. Building of 100-cubitd dewatowe-ships (DwJ-ty of meru
wy)
(mr) wood, and of 60 sixteene-barges of the king.

Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
rIntroductionl of the King into the double Senuta-house.
4 cubits, 18 palms.
Year 3
142. Worship of Horus.
Birth of Min.
2 cubits, 3 palms, 2% fingers.
Year 4
143. Appearance of the King of Upper Egypt.
Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
Stretching of the Cord (for) the House (called) : “Shelter-of-the-
Gods” (Kb h-ntrw).
3 cubits, 3 palms, 2 fingers.
Yearb 5
144. Worship of Horus.
3 cubits,
- -,
- -.
IV.
THIRD DYNASTY
LOST REIGNS
-6
KING SNEFRU
145.
Year x+zc
[Birth of] the two children of the King of Lower Egypt.
[Sixth occurrence of the numbering.:
-
-
Year x + 2
146. Building of 100-cubitd dewatowe-ships (DwJ-ty of meru
wy)
(mr) wood, and of 60 sixteene-barges of the king.

Hacking up the land of the Negro.
Bringing of 7,000 living prisoners, and 200,000 large and small cattle.
Building of the wall of the Southland and Northland (rcalled?
“Houses-of-Snefru.”
Bringing of 40 ships filled (with) cedar w0od.a
2 cubits, 2 fingers. .
Year x+g
147. Making 35 housesb
of 122 cattle.
Building of a 100-cubit dewatowe-ship (Dw3-t'wy) of cedar wood,
and 2 100-cubit ships of meru wood.
Seventh occurrence of the numbering.
5 cubits, I palm, I finger.
11
-
Year x+q
148. Erection of:
“Exalted-is-the-White-Crown-of-Snefru-upon-the-So~thern-Gate.~'~
“Exalted-is-the-Red-Crown-of-Snefru-upon-the-N~rthern-Gate.”~
Making the doors of the king's palace of cedar wood.
Eighth occurrence of the numbering.
2 cubits, 2 palms, 2% fingers.

V.
67
FOURTH DYNASTY
LOST REIGNS
KING Y
Kirtg's Name
a
LOST REIGNS
Ib
KING MENKURE ( ? )
- [months], 24 days.d
Year x
KING SHEPSESKAJ?
Year I
a) Month 4 (fx), eleventh day.e
b) Appearance of the King [of Upper Egypt].
Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.
Union of the Two Lands.
Circuit of the Wall.
Seshed (&d) F e a ~ t . ~
Birth of Upwawet.
The king worships the gods who united the Two Lands.
selection of the place of the pyramid (called):
151. c)
” Shelter-of-Shepseskaf.”
20 r-1
of the South and North every day.
152. d)
el
1,6249-;
600 -.
4 cubits, 3 palms, 2 3 fingers.
VI.
[§ 153
FIFTH DYNASTY
KING USERKAF
Years 1-3
153.
-
Year 4
Third occurrence of the finding of -.
Year ga
154. The King of Upper and Lower Egypt Userkaf; he made
(it) as his monument for:
155. The spirits of Heliopolis: 2 0 offerings of bread and beer at
every r-1 and every '-1 feast; 36 stat of land r- -1 in the domain of
Userkaf.
156. I. The gods of the sun-temple (called) : Sepre (Sp-Rc) :
24 stat of land in the domain of Userkaf;
2 oxen, 2 geese every day.
2. Re: 44 stat of land in the nomes of the Northland;
3. Hathor: 44 stat of land in the nomes of the Northland.
4. The gods of the House of r-1 of Horus: 54 stat of land; erection
of the shrine of his temple (in) Buto of the nome of Xois;
5. Sepa (Sf'): 2 stat of land; building of his temple.
6. Nekhbet in the sanctuary (niry) of the South: 10 offerings of
bread and beer every day.
7. Buto in Pernu (Pr-%w): 10 offerings of bread and beer every
day.
8. The gods of the sanctuary (ntry) of the South: 48 offerings of
bread and beer every day.
157. Year of the third occurrence of the numbering of large cattle.
4 cubits, 23 fingers.
Year 6
158. [The King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Userkaf; he made
(it) as his monument for]:
-
b . 1,700 stat r-
-1 in the North; —
KING SAHURE
3
-
Year ga
159. a) The King of [Upper] and Lower Egypt, Sahure; he made
(it) as his monument for:
I - in Heliopolis;
.
200
r-1,
divine barque
c-1.
2. Nekhbet, mistress of Perwer (Pr-wr) : 800 daily offerings of bread
and beer ;
3. Buto, mistress of Perneser (Pr-nsr): 4,800 daily offerings of
bread and beer;
4. Re in the Senut-house (Snwt): 138 daily offerings of bread and
beer;
5. Re in the Sanctuary (ntry) of the South: 40 daiIy offerings of
bread and beer;
6. Re in Tep-het (Tp-ht): 74 daily offerings of bread and beer;
7. Hathor in the sun-temple, Sekhet-Re (@t-RC): 4 daily offerings
of bread and beer;
8. Re of the sun-temple, Sekhet-Re: r2,oool r-Q stat of land in the
nome of rXois1;
g. Mes (MS): 2 stat of land in the nome of Busiris;
1 .Sem (Sm): 2 stat of land in the nome of Busiris;
0
I I Khent-yawetef (Hnt-yJwtfi : 2 r- -3
.
stat of land in the Mem-
phite nome;
I 2. Hathor in Ro-she ( ' -3) of Sahure : 2 r- -1 stat of land in the
R
East;
13. Hathor in (the temple of) the pyramid, “The-Soul-of-Sahure-
Shines”: I stat of land in the Libyan nome;
14. The White Bull: 13 1 - stat of land in the eastern Khent
- 1
nome (XIV).
15. b) Third occurrence of the finding of r- -
1
Year of the second numbering.
2 cubits, 2$ fingers.
Year 6
160. The King of Upper and Lower Egypt [Sahure; he made it
as his monument for]:
The Divine Ennead,
Year 1 3 ~
161.4lThe king of Upper and Lower Egypt, Sahure; he made it
as] his monument for:
I.
Re r-1:
- [stat] of land in the North and South;
3. Hathor: - [stat] of land in the North and South;
4. -: - [stat] of land in the North and South;
5. -:
all things.
6. There were brought from:
7. The Malachite-country, - - ~6,0003
-.
8. Punt, 80,000 measures of myrrh, r6,oooJ - of electrum, 2,600
staves, r- -.
1
Year after the rseventhlb numbering.
2.
f-1
Year 14
162.rgl months, r6J days.
KING NEFERIRKERE
King's Name
163.Horus : WSr-(t w ; ~
King of Upper and Lower Egypt; Favorite
w-m-sbmw
of the Two Goddesses: .fIc
Year I
164. Second month, seventh day.
Birth of the Gods.
Union of the Two Lands.
Circuit of the Wall.
165. The King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Neferirkere (Nfr-yr-
k 3-R3 ; he made (it) as pis] monument [for]:
I. The Divine Ennead in r-1 of the Senut-house (Snwt): 1
-
1 stat
of land in the city (called) : “Neferirkere-Beloved-of-the-Divine-Ennead,”
undera the House of Neferirkere in 1-1;
2 The Spirits of Heliopolis and the Gods of Khereha (Vr-=h'):
.
r-fl stat of land in the city (called) : “Neferirkere-Beloved-of-the-Spirits-
of-Heliopolis;” 251 ( + x ) stat of land in the eastern Khent nome (XIV)
- under the two high-priests of Heliopolis, the prophets and rofficials~
of his house r
1
3 Re: an altar;
.
4. Hathor: an altar; r—-1.
, r 2101 divine offerings, 203 offer-
ings of bread and beer; there was made 1 - peasant serfs 11
- 1
-.
5. There was fashioned 11 of electrum, (rforl) Ihi (Yhy), a statue,
-
followed to the house of Hathor, [mistress] of the sycornore, in Meret-
Snefru;
6. Re of Tep-het (Tp-nt) ; tnere was done for him the like
3 cubits,
- - ,- -.
5
Year g b
166. [The King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Neferirkere; he made
it as his monument for]:
I.
2
.
r
1
3. Re in the sun-temple: “Favorite-Seat-of-Re;” there was made for
him a feast of the Circuit-[of-the-Wall]
King Setneh (Stnh):C - stat of land.
Year of the fifth occurrence [of the numbering].
Year 10
167. I. Appearance of the King of Upper Egypt.
Appearance of the King of Lower Egypt.